Jungle safari tours in Nepal is being more popular for all age groups of people. Chitwan National Park, Koshi Tappu wildlife reserve, Bardia National Park, Parsa wildlife reserve along with 11 other National parks are rich in a different kind of flora, fauna, and wildlife, birds, such as the rare great one-horned rhinos, Royal Bengal Tiger several other species of deer, black bear, Crocodile, leopard dolphin, etc. living in this National park in their natural habitat. Chitwan National park and Bardia National Park are very popular for jungle excursions like elephant back safari, dugout canoeing, nature walk, jeep safari, bird watching, Tharu cultural show, and visit to the village of local tribes Tharu typical houses.
Chitwan National Park in the central Terai lowlands of Nepal and Bardia National Park in the western part of Nepal provide some of the best wildlife basically for Royal Bengal Tiger and nature viewing places in Asia. Chitwan and Bardia National park have a more choice of Jungle Lodges, Hight standard hotels on the typical style, Tower night inside the jungle (machan), Tented Camps, and Guest Houses from where you can explore the wildlife Adventure. All hotels and lodges provide the packages including accommodation in lodge/tented camp, all sightseeing, and outings including Jeep safari inside the National park, elephant back safari, bird watching, Jungle walk, boating (as per specific itinerary and number of days provided for different packages), National park entrance fees, all meals duration the package tour. Situated in a forest setting in an area rich in the diverse ecology of the National park, most of the resort presents the perfect jungle experience.
Bardia National Park situated in the western Terai part of Nepal and one of the largest undisturbed parks in the region. The park is the home of many endangered animals, birds, and reptiles including the Royal Bengal Tiger, One-horned rhinos, and two types of crocodiles Marsh Mugger and Gharial. Over the years Bardia is the best place to see the tiger viewing a rare event anywhere else in Nepal. Recently sightings of wild elephant groups have been further enhanced the wildlife experience possible in this beautiful and unspoiled sanctuary.
The Koshi Tappu wildlife reserve and the Koshi Barrage in the eastern part of Nepal provide one of the best places to view the migratory waterfall, waders, and shorebirds during the winter months. Many species not recorded elsewhere in the other region have been found here. Thousands of birds congregate here in Spring before they migrate north when the warm weather begins.
One-horned Rhinos:
Rhinoceros is an endangered and presentative wild animal. The rhinoceros belong to the Rhinocerotidae family and include four genera, five species, and eleven subspecies. So far there are only five species of rhinoceros are surviving in the word of which three species namely as follow: the greater one-horned rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis), Javan rhinoceros (Rhinoceros Sondaicus) and Sumatran rhinoceros (Rhinoceros Sumatrensis) are confined in the Asian continent and two species namely as follow: the black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) and white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum) in the African continent.
Greater one-horned rhinos or Asian rhino, also known as the Indian rhino lives in plain grassland and adjacent riverine forests of the northern part of the Indian and southern part of Nepal which is the border side of both countries like Chitwan national park & Bardia National park. Belonging to the Rhinocerotidae family, rhinos are among the largest remaining mammals megafauna. Characterized as odd-toed ungulate with a single horn and armored skin, one-horned rhino lives on herbivorous dieting animals. Rhinos horn is very valuable so have alarmingly become victims to poaching and their illegal trade, killed for their horns which are simply made of keratins (the same type of protein that makes up hair and fingernails). Rhino horns are prime targets of wildlife criminal networks making them severely vulnerable to the black market so the number of rhinos decreases every year.
One-horned rhinos once inhabited many areas ranging from Pakistan to Myanmar (Burma). However, because of the world wildlife federation, they are now confined to only a few protected areas of India and Nepal. The vast flood plains and lush grasslands of the Chitwan valley (Chitwan National park) harbored a large rhino population. which dramatically decrease in the 1950s. Rhinos are modifiers of grassland and riverine ecosystem, thus sustaining their healthy populations is necessary to maintain healthy ecosystems. One-horned rhinos habitat destruction (converted of prime habitats to agricultural lands by the local farmers) as a result of surging human growing population, hunting, tree cutting, and poaching are the main causes behind their dramatic decline, Inundation of floodplains, the spread of invasive species (Mikania micrantha, Chromolena data, Lantana spp.) and succession of a grassland ecosystem are other persistent threats to Rhino habitats.
Rhino and other endangered animal conservation in Nepal have taken a long journey and giving the prime focus. Once widespread throughout the lowlands, they were reduced to only a few numbers by the 1950s and only around 100 individuals. Conservation efforts boosted the population by the 1990s but took a toll during the political turmoil between 1996 to 2006. Their numbers are now rising again and reach over 600 individuals in Nepal only. Strengthened park management combined with effective Nepalese army patrols along with community engagement has allowed Chitwan’s rhinos to rebound from extinction. Chitwan National Park and Bardia National Park remain the stronghold of the rhino population in Nepal and in order to reduce the vulnerability of a single population to stochastic events disease and natural disasters. Chitwan National park recognition of its unique biological resources of outstanding universal value in 1984 UNESCO designated as a World Heritage Site. An area of 750 km2 surrounding the park was declared a buffer zone in 1996.
National Trust For Nature Conservation in collaboration with the Government of Nepal and conservation partners WWF has translocated rhinos to Bardia and Suklaphanta National Parks to create additional viable populations. Since 2009, National Trust For Nature Conservation in collaboration with the park authorities has initiated tracking by GPS rhino monitoring which has been valuable in evidence-based planning for rhino conservation.
National Trust For Nature Conservation (NTNC) works closely with the parks to implement SMART Patrolling and support the livelihood improvement of buffer zone local communities to discourage poaching. As a result of a joint effort between the Government of Nepal, National Trust For Nature Conservation, conservation partners, and community, Nepal has won widespread praise from international conservationists. The year 2013, 2015, and 2016 celebrated zero poachings of rhinos in Nepal. Going forward, National Trust For Nature Conservation will continue to engage in research and monitoring of rhinos, providing rescue operations and veterinarian care, engaging local communities, and promote transboundary cooperation for rhino conservation. Readily available to the sighting eye, National Trust for Nature Conservation continues to promote and preserve rhino attractions to wildlife tourists from all over the world.
